Cooling Tower :Definition, classification

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Cooling tower:

Definition :-

The cooling tower is an artificial device use to cooled the hot cooling water coming away of condenser.

*The necessity of cooling tower in steam power plant :

*A majority of larger power plant are built adjacent to river. Where cooling water is available in large quantity.

*But ,For many plants, source of water is local water supplies. In such cases, the water same is circulated over and over again.

*It ought be cooled early it re- enters the condenser tubes. The tower of water is cooled.

*The artificial device is used to cool the hot cooling water coming away of condenser.

*Function of cooling tower:

It cool the condensate cooling water condenser cooling water absorbs heat from the steam. This steam is discharged to atmosphere in cooling water.

*Uses of cooling tower :

For, Ex. Power Generation Station, HVAC, Industrial and any other heat rejection application.

*The factors affecting cooling of water in cooling towers are :

Humidity of air.
The temperatures of hot air.
Size & heights of tower.
Velocity of air is entering tower.
To all parts of towers is accessibility of air.
Degree of uniforms into descending water.
Arrangement of plates in towers,

*Classification of cooling towers:
These are classified as;

A] According to type of draught :

(a) Natural draught cooling water.
(b) Forced draught cooling water.
(c) Induced draught cooling water.

B] According to materials used :

(a) Concrete cooling water.
(b) Timber cooling water .
(c) Steel duct types cooling water.

*Natural draft cooling tower :

*Cooling water of natural draft, the circulate of air is produce by the pressure different of the tower air is inside and atmospheric air is outside.

* Water is hot cooling falls down in a form of sprays and the atmospheric air enter from bottom of the tower.

*The falling water gives up it’s heat to the rising columns of air and the temperature of circulating water reduces.

*Forced draft cooling tower :

*The forced draft tower comprise of sprays nozzles, circulating pipelines, water tank, nozzles fan, pump and valves.

*The fan is placed at the bottom of the tower to produce circulation of air.

*Hot water coming from condenser is sprayed from topside by using spray nozzle and cold water is taken from bottom to circulate in condenser.
*The water make up is supply as and when required.

*Induced draft cooling tower :

*Induced draft tower comprise of fan motor, eliminators, spray nozzles and water tank.

*The fan is placed the top most of the tower to produced circulate of air.

*The hot water coming from condenser is sprayed from top most side by using spray nozzle and cold water is taken from bottom to circulate in condenser.

*Make up water is supply and when required.